Django loyihani herokuga yuklash bo'yicha qo'llanma

Django loyihani herokuga yuklash bo'yicha qo'llanma Ushbu maqolada djangoni herokuga terminal orqali yuklash ketma-ket liklarini ko'rib chiqamiz

Muallif: Abdusamad Savollar uchun guruh: Djangouzb Bo'limlar

1. Django qismi
2. Database qismi
3. Heroku qismi
4. Deploy vaqti uchraydigan muammolar

Django qismi

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⚠️ Virtual muhit ichida ekanligizga ishonch hosil qiling

1. Kerakli package larni o'rnatib olamiz

   • gunicorn (application server batafsil
   • dj-database-url (Database uchun)
   • whitenoise (static filelarni saqlash uchun batafsil
   • psycopg2 (Postgres database uchun) pip install gunicorn dj-database-url whitenoise psycopg2-binary

2. pip freeze > requirements.txt -> bu o'rnatilgan dasturlarni herokuga tanitadi va heroku shundagi package larni o'rnatadi

3. python3 --version
   Chiqqan versiyani runtime.txt fayli ichiga yozamiz yoki quyidagi kommandani tering

   echo "python-3.10.4" > runtime.txt python versiyasi o'zniga o'zizni python versiyayizni yozing

4. echo "web: gunicorn PROJECT_NOMI.wsgi" > Procfile

   Bu yerda PROJECT_NOMI o'rniga wsgi.py fayli turgan papkani yozing.

5. INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'whitenoise.runserver_nostatic',
     # ...
    ]
   

   whitenoise static filelarni saqlashi uchun installed apps ichiga qo'shishimiz kerak

6. ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1', '.herokuapp.com']
   

7. DEBUG = False

8. MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
        
        # whitenoise ni shu yerga qo'shing
        'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
        # ...
    ]
   

   Bu yerda sal e'tiborli bo'ling. Ya'ni whitenoise ni Djangoning o'zida mavjud bo'lgan SecurityMiddleware tagiga qo'shing

9. Bu qismini bajarishdan oldin DATABASE qismini ko'rib chiqing va unda qanday database ochishni o'rganasz

   DATABASES = {
       'default': {
           'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
           'NAME': 'DATABASE NOMI',
           'USER': 'USER',
           'PASSWORD': "PAROL",
           'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
           'PORT': '5432',
       }
   }
       
   import dj_database_url
   db_from_env = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=500)
   DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)
   

   Shularni sqLite3 database o'rniga qo'shib qo'ying

10. STATIC_ROOT = BASE_DIR / 'static'
    STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
    

    Bu static filelarning ishlashi uchun. Static filelarhaqida batafsil bu yerda o'qishiz mumkin.

    Bu django qismining yakuni.

Database qismi

1. Agar windows ishlatsangiz PostgreSQL terminaliga kiring. Qanday kirish haqida. Agar Linux foydalanuvchisi bo'lsangiz sudo -u postgres psql buyrug'ini berish yetarli.
2. Quyidagi buyruqlarni ketma-ketlikda bajaring.
   • create database dbnomi;
   • create user dbuser with encrypted password 'parol123';
   • grant all privileges on database dbnomi to dbuser;
   Ushbu buyruqlarni terganizdan keyin GRANTED deb tasdiqlaydi
3. Keyin shu Database nomi useri va parolini django loyihayiz ichidagi DATABASE ichiga kiritasz

Heroku qismi

1. Agar heroku akkauntingiz bo'lmasa ushbu yerdan yangi ochishingiz kerak bo'ladi. Agar bo'lsa shu akkauntingizga brauzer orqali kirib qo'ying

2. Heroku-CLI o'rnatilgan bo'lishi kerak komputeringizda. Agar bo'lmasa pastdagilardan birini bajarib o'rnatib oling.

   • Mac uchun: brew install heroku/brew/heroku
   • Linux uchun snap orqali: sudo snap install heroku --classic
   • Windows uchun: Ushbu sahifa orqali yuklab oling

3. O'rnatib olganizdan so'ng Heroku akkountga uchbu buyruq orqali kiring: Brauzer ochiladi va o'sha orqali kirasz

   heroku login
   

4. Herokuda loyihayiz uchun app yaratish

   heroku create proyekt_nomi
   

5. Endi django loyihayiz turgan papkada turganiz ga ishonch hosil qiling va ushbu buyruqlar orqali heroku ga yuklaysiz loyihayizni:

   git add -A
   git commit -am "Initial"
   git push heroku master
   

   Mana endi sizning loyihangiz Herokuga yuklandi. Endi navbat keyingi bosqichga ))

6. PostgreSQL ishlashi uchun uni Herokuda aktivlashtirish kerak. Quiyidagi buyruqni tering:

   heroku addons:create heroku-postgresql:hobby-dev --app PROYEKT_NOMI
   

   Bu yerda PROYEKT_NOMI o'rniga boshida heroku uchun yaratgan PROYEKT_NOMI ni yozing

7. Endi navbat django uchun har doim ishlatadigan buyruqlarga. Menimcha hammasini bilasz 😊:

   heroku run python manage.py collectstatic
   heroku run python manage.py makemigrations
   heroku run python manage.py migrate
   heroku run python manage.py createsuperuser
   heroku open # brauzerni ochadi.
   

Muammolar

1. heroku run python manage.py collectstatic qilganda chiqadigan error. Ushbu ketma-ketliklarni bajaring:
   • heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
   • git push heroku master
   • heroku run python manage.py collectstatic